In medical terms the inflammatory bowel disease is an inflammatory condition of the large intestine. In some cases it also causes inflammation in the small intestine. Often it I confused with IBS, irritable bowel syndrome, a condition which is less severe than this. There are many different forms of the inflammatory bowel disease but the main forms are the Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Several other forms of Inflammatory bowel disease include the following:
- Ischaemic colitis
- Diversion colitis
- Collagenous colitis
- Lymphocytic colitis
- Behçet's syndrome
- Indeterminate colitis
- Infective colitis
The main form of inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease has several differences from UC which depends on the location and nature of the inflammatory changes. The Crohn's disease effects any part of the gastrointestinal tract, from mouth to anus. While in many cases the inflammation occurs in the terminal ileum. While the Ulcerative colitis remains limited to the colon and the rectum.
The Microscopically, is the ulcerative colitis which remains stricted to the mucosa. The Crohns disease on the other hand affects the entire bowel wall. Ultimately the Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis remain with extra-intestinal forms like arthritis, liver problems, skin problems and eye problems in different proportions.
Only in rare cases definitive diagnosis neither the Crohns disease nor ulcerative colitis is made because of the disturbances in the presentation. In such cases a diagnosis of indeterminate colitis is made. Though it is a recognized definition still not all centers approve it.
The diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease present with different symptoms such as vomiting, abdominal pain, hematochezia, weight gain, diarrhea, weight loss, and various associated complaints or diseases. The diagnosis is generally done by colonoscopy with biopsy of pathological lesions.
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The treatment of inflammatory bowel disease generally depends on the severity. The treatment may require immunosuppression for controlling the symptoms. The mediums involved include azathioprine, methotrexate, or 6-mercaptopurine. The common treatment of IBD requires mesalamine form. Hoever steroids are often used to control the disease flares. These steroids were also recognized as a maintenance drug.
The usual treatment process begins with administering drugs that has high anti-inflammatory affects like the Prednisone. Once the inflammation is brought under control the patient is given light doses of drugs for keeping the disease in reduction.
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