The Reactive arthritis is an autoimmune condition that develops after an infection caused in any part of the body. The infection develops in the body after it comes in contact with bacteria and develops an infection causing reactive arthritis. The symptom of reactive arthritis is almost similar to arthritis or rheumatism. The infection is caused by other disease which does not appear in chronic cases.
The syndrome of the reactive arthritis develops three types of unlinked symptoms including an inflammatory arthritis of large joints, inflammation of the eyes (conjunctivitis and uveitis), and urethritis. Other common symptom is a patient having reactive arthritis can not lead a normal life and thereby gets impaired vision, can't pee and cannot climb stairs. The disease was formerly termed as Reiter’s syndrome and after Hans Reiter it is also termed as arthritis urethritica, venereal arthritis and polyarteritis enterica.
Reactive arthritis is types of seronegative spondyloarthropathy that often develops from genitourinary or gastrointestinal infections. This arthritis type generally occurs between the ages of 20-40 and is more common in white race than the black race. Fairer people have more HLA-B27 tissue type that the black men. HIV affected people also are prone to developing reactive arthritis where food poisoning is the most common cause.
Historical Perspective:
The Reactive arthritis was first described by Hans Reiter in 1916. He described the disease developed in a solider in World War I. who recovered from a bout of diarrhea. During that time it was variously recognized and termed.
Signs and Symptoms of Reactive Arthritis:
The symptoms of reactive arthritis generally appear in 1-3 weeks but sometimes it also ranges from 4-35 days from the beginning stages of the disease. The basic symptom experienced in reactive arthritis is a urinary symptom like burning pain or frequent urination. Some patients also develop prostatitis common in men, and cervicitis, salpingitis and/or vulvovaginitis in women.
After all these symptoms arthritis follows resulting to affect the large joints like causing pain in the knees and swelling o the small joints like wrist and hand.
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Other symptoms include Conjunctivitis and uveitis causing redness of the eyes, eye pain and irritation, and blurred vision. In very rare cases some people also develop the symptoms of keratoderma blennorrhagica.
Around 10% of all cases develop prolonged disease having cardiac problems like aortic regurgitation and pericarditis.
Causes of Reactive Arthritis:
The primary cause of patients developing reactive arthritis is chronic infection also called the genital infection.
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